Yes and no. You will need to attend a “meeting of creditors” which is normally located at a Federal Courthouse, so you will likely have been in a court. However, in that vast majority of cases, you will not ever appear before an actual Federal Bankruptcy Judge.
The meeting of creditors is an opportunity for creditors to meet with you and ask you questions about your case. Creditors very rarely appear in Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 cases and the judge assigned to your case is prohibited from attending.
Instead it will be the Trustee, your attorney, and you. The trustee is the court appointed official you will ask you questions about your filing and determine whether everything is correct. By the time you appear before the trustee, you should be well aware as to what to expect.